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DAS - DISTRIBUTED ACOUSTIC SENSING SYSTEMS
Distributed Acoustic Sensing Systems (DAS System) have instruments that use fiber optics to measure acoustic interactions throughout the length of a sensing cable. A distinguishing characteristic of DAS - Distributed Acoustic Systems is their ability to produce a continuous acoustic profile along the cable's length instead of at specific sensing points.
In general, DAS - Distributed Acoustic System technology employs a regular telecoms fiber optic cable, and only specialized fibers are necessary for high-temperature applications (exceeding 100°C). The sensing fiber commonly uses single-mode fibers, but there are specific applications that make use of multimode sensing fibers. DAS - Distributed Acoustic Sensing Systems have a sensing range of up to 50 km per fiber and each interrogation unit generally supports one or two channels that can function simultaneously. For instance, we provide a system that is a two-channel unit capable of measuring up to 100 km, with each channel measuring up to 50 km in either direction.
The Distributed Acoustic Sensor interrogation units transmit a pulse of laser light into the fiber optic. As this pulse of light travels down the fiber optic, interactions within the fibre, which result in light reflections known as backscatter, are determined by tiny strain (or vibration) events within the fiber optic which in turn are caused by localised acoustic energy. This backscattered light travels back up the fibre towards the interrogation unit where it is sampled at the Rayleigh frequencies. The time it takes the laser pulse allows the backscatter event to be accurately mapped to a fibre distance – this is known as optical time domain reflectometry.
Most distributed acoustic sensing systems ( DAS System ) currently available operate on the Coherent Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (COTDR) principle.
Distributed acoustic sensing system (DAS System) is a very versatile and evolving technology. Some of the more common areas of application that we see today include the following -